IELTS Writing Task 2: Problem-Solution Essays

Structure for Problem-Solution Essays

Introduction → Problem paragraph (causes) → Solution paragraph (remedies) → Conclusion. Some tasks say 'causes AND solutions', making both mandatory.

• Intro: Introduce the issue, state you will examine causes and solutions
• Problem paragraph: 2 main causes with brief explanations
• Solution paragraph: 2 practical solutions directly addressing those causes
• Conclusion: Summarise and call for action or future outlook

Causal and Solution Language

Precise causal language is what separates Band 7 from Band 6.

• Causes: is caused by, stems from, is attributed to, results from, is driven by
• Effects: leads to, results in, causes, gives rise to, contributes to
• Solutions: could be addressed by, one effective remedy is, governments should, individuals can help by
• Hypothetical: if X were implemented, this would...

Example: Childhood obesity largely stems from sedentary lifestyles and poor dietary habits. One effective solution would be to introduce mandatory nutrition education in primary schools.

Avoiding Vague Solutions

Band 5–6 essays suggest generic solutions like 'governments should do more'. Band 7+ essays specify who does what: 'Local councils could fund after-school sports programmes, encouraging children to exercise for at least 60 minutes daily.'